Artificial Intelligence (AI) to be used for smarter prison surveillance in West Bengal

Prisons are meant to reform offenders, but all too often, they morph into breeding grounds for criminalnetworks. From smuggling contraband to orchestrating crimes outside jail walls, several inmates continuetheir illegal pursuits even while behind bars. Determined to crack down on this shadow world, the state isnow deploying artificial intelligence (AI) to tighten prison surveillance.

West Bengal has nearly 60 correctional facilities, ranging from district jails to central prisons. While mostare equipped with CCTV coverage, authorities admit gaps remain. “We cannot keep human eyes onevery corner, every second. Even one moment of negligence can lead to chaos,” said a prison guard.

Unlike traditional cameras that merely record, AI-enabled systems will actively monitor movements andbehaviour. “From inmate clashes and violent outbursts to escape attempts, the system will instantly alertguards, ensuring swift intervention,” said an officer at a central jail in Kolkata.

The system will also integrate biometric data—facial features, eye scans, handprints, and fingerprints ofeach inmate—to enable 24/7 tracking and prevent unauthorised movement.According to Correction Home officials, AI’s image-processing capabilities will help scan for prohibiteditems. “Whether it is mobile phones, narcotics, or hidden weapons, the system will flag them. It will alsotrack unusual gatherings or covert exchanges to uncover drug trafficking and secret networks inside jails,”said a senior officer.

The technology also brings a psychological dimension. By analysing body language, AI can identify signsof distress, agitation, or suicidal tendencies. “This will not only help avert unpleasant incidents but alsoenable timely rehabilitation,” noted an officer of Dum Dum jail.

Cybersecurity expert Sandeep Sengupta explained, “If AI is trained to identify a person or object, thecamera can track them continuously. The moment a danger signal appears, AI instantly alerts the admin.This proactive mechanism can avert major threats.”

Officials say the initiative marks a significant leap in prison administration. “CCTV gave us eyes. AI willgive those eyes intelligence,” remarked a senior correctional officer. By integrating AI-driven surveillance,the state hopes to dismantle criminal nexuses within prisons and restore correctional homes to theiroriginal purpose—discipline, security, and rehabilitation.